The adrenal glands are a pair of organs situated above the kidneys.  These glands normally secrete several hormones which are important in maintaining normal body functions. These hormones include cortisol, aldosterone, and epinephrine. Cortisol is important in regulating glucose and fat metabolism.  Aldosterone maintains blood volume and normal levels of sodium and potassium. Epinephrine, commonly known as adrenaline, is also produced by the adrenal glands.  These molecules are also important in the body's response to stress.

Tumors of the adrenal glands are fairly uncommon.  Due to their deep location, adrenal masses are not usually felt by the patient or doctor.  Clues to the presence of an adrenal mass include symptoms of increased hormone secretion.  Symptoms of excess cortisol, also known as Cushing's syndrome are weight gain, fatty deposits in the abdomen and poor wound healing.  Symptoms of excess aldosterone production, include hypertension and abnormally low blood levels of the mineral potassium.  Tumors that produce excess adrenaline are called pheochromocytomas

The traditional method of removal has been either through incisions on the front of the abdomen or through an incision in the lower back.  Both of these incisions are occasionally associated with pain and prolonged recovery periods.  To reduce the pain and disability associated with incisions, we now perform these operations laparoscopically.  Laparoscopic procedures involve the insertion of a telescopic camera system through a small incision in the abdominal wall.  Additional small incisions are made through which instruments are inserted to perform the operative procedure.  The tumor is then placed into a small bag and withdrawn from the abdominal cavity through one of these small incisions.  Advantages of the laparoscopic technique include decreased postoperative pain, short hospital stay and a quicker return to normal activities. This approach has been highly successful. The average length of the hospital stay is two or three days compared to a week or more with the traditional open technique.  Conversion to the traditional open technique due to technical reasons is necessary in less than 5% of patients. 

UT Southwestern Medical Center has one of the largest experiences in the United States with laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Our Surgeon

Fiemu Nwariaku, M.D.
Shelby Holt, M.D.